He argues

In the course of evolution every technology is put to the question of what happens when it becomes ubiquitous? What happens when everyone has one?

Usually it disappears. Electric motors, born large, rare and obvious, quickly became invisible and everywhere. Shortly after their invention in 1873 modern electric motors propagated throughout the manufacturing industry. Each factory stationed one very large expensive motor in the place where a steam engine formerly stood. That single engine turned a complex maze of axles and belts, which in turn spun hundreds of smaller machines scattered throughout the factory. The rotational energy twirled through the buildings from that single source.

By the 1910s electric motors started their inevitable spread into homes. They had been domesticated. Unlike a steam engine, they did not smoke or belch or drool. Just a tidy steady whirr from a 5-pound hunk. As in factories, these single “home motors” were designed to drive all the machines in one home. The 1916 Hamilton Beach “Home Motor” had a 6-speed rheostat and ran on 110 volts. Designer Donald Norman points out a page from the 1918 Sears, Roebuck and Co. catalog advertising the Home Motor for $8.75 (which is equivalent to about $100 these days). This handy motor would spin your sewing machine. You could also plug it in to the Churn and Mixer Attachment (“for which you will find many uses”), and the Buffer and Grinder Attachments (“will be found very useful in many ways around the home”). The Fan Attachment “can be quickly attached to Home Motor”, as well as Beater Attachment to whip cream and beat eggs.

One hundred years later the electric motor has seeped into ubiquity. There is no longer one home motor in a household, there are dozens of them, and each is nearly invisible. No longer stand-alone devices, motors are now integral parts of many appliances. They actuate our gadgets, acting as the muscles for our artificial selves. They are everywhere. I made an informal census of all the embedded motors I could find in the room I am sitting in while I write:

5 spinning hard disks
3 analog tape recorders
3 cameras (move zoom lenses)
1 video camera
1 watch
1 clock
1 printer
1 scanner (moves scan head)
1 copier
1 fax (moves paper)
1 CD player
1 pump in radiant floor heat

That’s 20 home motors in one room. A factory or office build would have thousands. We don’t think about motors. We are unconscious of them, even though we depend on their work. They rarely fail. We aren’t aware of roads and electricity because they are ubiquitous and usually work. We don’t think of paper and cotton clothing as technology because their reliable presences are everywhere.

He argues

In the course of evolution every technology is put to the question of what happens when it becomes ubiquitous? What happens when everyone has one?

Usually it disappears. Electric motors, born large, rare and obvious, quickly became invisible and everywhere. Shortly after their invention in 1873 modern electric motors propagated throughout the manufacturing industry. Each factory stationed one very large expensive motor in the place where a steam engine formerly stood. That single engine turned a complex maze of axles and belts, which in turn spun hundreds of smaller machines scattered throughout the factory. The rotational energy twirled through the buildings from that single source.

By the 1910s electric motors started their inevitable spread into homes. They had been domesticated. Unlike a steam engine, they did not smoke or belch or drool. Just a tidy steady whirr from a 5-pound hunk. As in factories, these single “home motors” were designed to drive all the machines in one home. The 1916 Hamilton Beach “Home Motor” had a 6-speed rheostat and ran on 110 volts. Designer Donald Norman points out a page from the 1918 Sears, Roebuck and Co. catalog advertising the Home Motor for $8.75 (which is equivalent to about $100 these days). This handy motor would spin your sewing machine. You could also plug it in to the Churn and Mixer Attachment (“for which you will find many uses”), and the Buffer and Grinder Attachments (“will be found very useful in many ways around the home”). The Fan Attachment “can be quickly attached to Home Motor”, as well as Beater Attachment to whip cream and beat eggs.

One hundred years later the electric motor has seeped into ubiquity. There is no longer one home motor in a household, there are dozens of them, and each is nearly invisible. No longer stand-alone devices, motors are now integral parts of many appliances. They actuate our gadgets, acting as the muscles for our artificial selves. They are everywhere. I made an informal census of all the embedded motors I could find in the room I am sitting in while I write:

5 spinning hard disks
3 analog tape recorders
3 cameras (move zoom lenses)
1 video camera
1 watch
1 clock
1 printer
1 scanner (moves scan head)
1 copier
1 fax (moves paper)
1 CD player
1 pump in radiant floor heat

That’s 20 home motors in one room. A factory or office build would have thousands. We don’t think about motors. We are unconscious of them, even though we depend on their work. They rarely fail. We aren’t aware of roads and electricity because they are ubiquitous and usually work. We don’t think of paper and cotton clothing as technology because their reliable presences are everywhere.

Only 8% of the people they asked knew what a browser is, and most couldn’t distinguish between search engine and browser. Okay. But is that relevant? How many people know what money is? How the price system works? Cars function? What is electricity? Why does a plane fly??? Or more basic: How to grow food? The beauty of modern society: One can profit from all these things without understanding them.

If you see it like this the interview shows that the internet accomplished an important step in its evolution: You don’t need to understand it at all to use it. Seen from this perspective egovernment might not work because its too complicated, not intuitive. There some private sector innovations could really lead the way.

Only 8% of the people they asked knew what a browser is, and most couldn’t distinguish between search engine and browser. Okay. But is that relevant? How many people know what money is? How the price system works? Cars function? What is electricity? Why does a plane fly??? Or more basic: How to grow food? The beauty of modern society: One can profit from all these things without understanding them.

If you see it like this the interview shows that the internet accomplished an important step in its evolution: You don’t need to understand it at all to use it. Seen from this perspective egovernment might not work because its too complicated, not intuitive. There some private sector innovations could really lead the way.

And we might rethink our idea of justice: is it the best way that everyone can influence the way where our society goes by an equal vote, or would it be better if an elite would lead the way? Just thinking of less dependency on voters, which would decrease the incentive to decide in favor of interest groups, less transaction, decision and information costs…The question is: Can democracy be sustained in a peer produced society?

And we might rethink our idea of justice: is it the best way that everyone can influence the way where our society goes by an equal vote, or would it be better if an elite would lead the way? Just thinking of less dependency on voters, which would decrease the incentive to decide in favor of interest groups, less transaction, decision and information costs…The question is: Can democracy be sustained in a peer produced society?

another interesting aspect, of this whole new democratisation is, that nowadays even (cyber-) war can be lead by virtually anyone. (some thoughts on that one: http://meinungsproklamation.wordpress.com/2009/06/18/cyberwar-when-freedom-is-just-another-word-for-nothing-left-to-fear/)

another interesting aspect, of this whole new democratisation is, that nowadays even (cyber-) war can be lead by virtually anyone. (some thoughts on that one: http://meinungsproklamation.wordpress.com/2009/06/18/cyberwar-when-freedom-is-just-another-word-for-nothing-left-to-fear/)